Europe’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism is often discussed as a technical climate policy, but in truth it is one of the most powerful instruments ever aimed at redefining industrial, trade and energy behaviour. For the Western Balkans, CBAM does something more decisive still: it ends comfortable ambiguity. It makes electricity not simply a domestic policy […]
CBAM raises new questions for Western Balkans electricity trade with the EU Read More »
The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism did not emerge from an environmental bureaucracy; it emerged from the heart of Europe’s industrial survival strategy. It is designed to prevent carbon leakage, protect European manufacturing and enforce a consistent climate discipline across competitive landscapes. Yet its implications extend beyond steel, cement and aluminium — they now reach directly
Exporting to the EU in the CBAM era: Green energy certificates and the new trade reality Read More »
Green energy certificates and CBAM now sit at the heart of Europe’s industrial trade reality. The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism was created not as a tariff instrument, but as a structural equaliser: Europe is decarbonising its industry under strict emissions pricing through the EU ETS, and CBAM ensures that imported products face a comparable carbon
Europe: EU plans major CBAM reform to protect industry and accelerate decarbonization Read More »
The European Union is preparing a comprehensive reform of its carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) aimed at preventing companies from relocating production to countries with weaker environmental standards, while at the same time protecting the competitiveness of European industry. The reform seeks to balance climate ambition with industrial resilience, ensuring that decarbonization does not come
EU electricity under CBAM: Why Southeast Europe is structurally exposed Read More »
The inclusion of electricity in the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism marks a quiet but profound shift in how power systems at Europe’s periphery are judged, priced, and ultimately integrated. While much of the public CBAM debate has focused on steel, cement, aluminium, and fertilisers, electricity is the only CBAM-covered “product” that is not
2030–2035 scenario annex: Gas prices, CBAM and export margins Read More »
Scenario one: High volatility, tight LNG markets In a scenario characterised by global LNG tightness, regulatory uncertainty, and persistent geopolitical risk, European gas prices remain volatile with frequent spikes. Average prices may moderate, but extreme events become more common. Under this scenario, Serbian exporters without flexibility face chronic margin pressure. Steel and ceramics suffer the
Europe’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) has introduced a new dimension of industrial competitiveness: the carbon clock. Every year that passes without decarbonisation increases the cost burden for exporters selling into the European Union. For Serbia, whose manufacturing base is heavily reliant on electricity-intensive processes, CBAM represents both a challenge and an opportunity. The challenge
From 2026, Serbia will fall under the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which imposes additional costs on carbon-intensive exports to the Union. According to the Fiscal Council, the state-owned power utility EPS, which supplies most of the country’s electricity, will be the first to face these pressures. The added costs are expected to ripple
Serbia: Energy-intensive companies seek state support in the decarbonisation process Read More »
Companies in Serbia are not afraid of decarbonisation and the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), but they are worried that the state does not recognise what needs to be done to help the affected industries protect jobs and maintain competitiveness. Producers of cement, steel, aluminium, and mineral fertilisers claim they need neither money
