What the European gas market means for Serbia-based producers and exporters
The European natural gas market has moved decisively away from its pre-2020 equilibrium. Price formation, supply security, and cost competitiveness […]
Gas Industry
Policy without borders: How Montenegro–Italy coupling constrains domestic energy intervention
Electricity market coupling is often discussed in technical or commercial terms, but its most profound effects are political. By linking
Fragmented convergence: Why Southeast Europe will not integrate into one electricity market
For much of the past decade, the dominant assumption shaping policy and market design in Southeast Europe has been that
Storage and balancing economics in an Adriatic-linked SEE market, 2030–2040
The Montenegro–Italy electricity market coupling does more than integrate two markets. It reshapes the economics of flexibility across Southeast Europe,
Hydro as a European flexibility asset: Montenegro’s reservoirs in a coupled Italy–SEE system
For decades, Montenegro’s hydroelectric system has been perceived primarily through a regional lens. Its reservoirs and run-of-river plants were valued
From arbitrage to algorithms: How market coupling reshapes SEE power desks
The transition from explicit capacity allocation to market coupling between Montenegro and Italy marks a decisive shift in how electricity
The Adriatic price axis: How Montenegro–Italy coupling creates a new European electricity corridor
The coupling of Montenegro’s electricity market with Italy’s marks the emergence of a new structural feature in Europe’s power market
SEE oil forward curve to 2030: Country overlays, execution risk, and pricingregimes in a constrained regional market
By 2030, the southeast European oil forward curve can no longer be understood as a single regional construct. What may
SEE oil trading outlook 2026–2030: Flows, spreads, freight,and optionality in a constrained Europe
Between 2026 and 2030, Southeast Europe’s oil market will be shaped less by broad price direction and more by structural
Refining margins turn SEE into a residual market during tight cycles
High European refining margins are increasingly reshaping supply allocation, with refiners prioritizing markets that offer the highest liquidity and netbacks.
Global supply risk feeds SEE volatility through margin and inventory channels
Global oil price shocks from geopolitical disruptions rarely pass directly into Southeast European markets. Instead, they filter through refinery margins
Shadow fleet pressure tightens freight markets and reshapes SEE basis dynamics
The EU’s scrutiny of Russia’s shadow tanker fleet has an indirect but significant impact on southeast European oil markets. By